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color combination. The switches passed to xterm are for the font, color combination, scroll-back configuration, and title-bar definition. All of these can be specified in the user s configuration file. The -e switch to xterm defines what you want to have executed within the xterm window. In our case, it will be either an ssh, rlogin, or telnet connection to the remote machine.

often send e-mail to myself containing information gathered from a running system. Most of the information comes as flat text obtained from various files, or output from system commands. From time to time the file that I would like to send is a binary of some type. Sometimes I want a file to show up as an attachment regardless of whether it is a binary. I wrote a few scripts that can perform such a task. They encode the binary file as flat text for transmission and then e-mail the file. The file can then be decoded at the receiving end manually or, more conveniently, by the e-mail client receiving the file. Each script takes as input the binary file and the destination e-mail address.

The first method uses uuencode to convert the binary file to flat text. This method works, but some e-mail clients, for instance my web-based SquirrelMail client, will not recognize the encoded file. If that is the case, you can simply save the text and decode it yourself with uudecode to obtain the original binary file. First we define a variable specifying the temporary file that will contain the encoded message as well as a variable that holds the script-usage string.

#!/bin/sh tmpfile=/tmp/uu_output.$$ usage="Usage: $0 {filename} {email_address}"

Now we validate the input by determining whether the positional parameter holding the binary file is defined.

If it is, we assign the file variable to its value. This is the file that will be encoded later in the script. If the parameter is not defined, we output the script usage and exit. Please note that the exit command is used with a value that will be the return code of the script. In this case it is nonzero (1), indicating that there was an issue encountered during execution. Next you have to validate the positional parameter for the e-mail address that is passed to the script. This is done in the same way as for the file argument.

Finally, if no parameters were passed to the script, we display the script usage and exit with the nonzero return code as before.

Next is the heart of the script; it is the part that encodes the file and then sends the file to its destination.

basefile=`basename $file` echo "A uuencoded file is attached called: $basefile" > $tmpfile echo >> $tmpfile uuencode $file $file >> $tmpfile mail -s "$basefile attached from $from" $address < $tmpfile rm $tmpfile

First a tmpfile is created with the echo command containing a summary of what is attached for the reader of the message. A blank line is added using the echo command between the text of the e-mail and the text of the encoded binary file. The file is encoded with the uuencode utility and appended to the tmpfile following the text of the message. The uuencode and uudecode commands were originally designed for this very purpose, to transmit a binary file via a transmission method that supports only text. After the file has

been encoded, we send the tmpfile to the destination e-mail address with the mail command; the tmpfile is then removed.

Tip If the uuencode and uudecode commands are not installed on your system, you can find the appropriate installation package of the UNIX sharutils utilities, where both commands are included. A version of sharutils should be available for most current platforms.