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Note You can change the language to display the month names in this result with the NLS_LANGUAGE parameter setting, as in this example:

3a. On which day are (or were) you exactly 10,000 days old Solution 5-3a. SQL> select date '1954-08-11' + 10000 2 as "10,000 days" 3 from dual; 10,000 days ----------27-DEC-1981 SQL> 3b. On which day of the week is (was) this Solution 5-3b. SQL> select to_char(date '1954-08-11' + 10000,'Day') 2 as "On a:" 3 from dual; On a: --------Sunday SQL> 4. Rewrite the example in Listing 5-23 using the NVL2 function. Solution 5-4. SQL> 2 3 4 select , from where ename, msal, comm nvl2(comm,12*msal+comm,12*msal) as yearsal employees ename like '%T%';

ENAME MSAL COMM YEARSAL -------- -------- -------- -------SMITH 800 9600 MARTIN 1250 1400 16400 SCOTT 3000 36000 TURNER 1500 0 18000 SQL> 5. Rewrite the example in Listing 5-24 to remove the DECODE functions using CASE expressions, both in the SELECT clause and in the ORDER BY clause. Solution 5-5. SQL> 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 select job, ename , case when msal <= 2500 then 'cheap' else 'expensive' end as class from employees where bdate < date '1964-01-01' order by case job when 'DIRECTOR' then 1 when 'MANAGER' then 2 else 3 end; ENAME -------KING BLAKE ALLEN WARD MILLER FORD SCOTT MARTIN CLASS --------expensive expensive cheap cheap cheap expensive expensive cheap

6. Rewrite the example in Listing 5-20 using DATE and INTERVAL constants, in such a way that they become independent of the NLS_DATE_FORMAT setting. Solution 5-6. date '1996-01-29' + interval '1' month as col_1 date '1997-01-29' + interval '1' month as col_2 date '1997-08-11' - interval '3' month as col_3 dual; '1997-01-29' + interval '1' month as col_2 * ERROR at line 2: ORA-01839: date not valid for month specified SQL> 2 3 4 select , , from date '1996-01-29' + interval '1' month as col_1 date '1997-01-28' + interval '1' month as col_2 date '1997-08-11' - interval '3' month as col_3 dual; SQL> 2 3 4 , select , , from date

COL_1 COL_2 COL_3 ----------- ----------- --------29-FEB-1996 28-FEB-1997 11-MAY-1997 SQL> As you can see, January 29 plus a month causes problems for 1997, which is not a leap year. If you change 1997-01-29 to 1997-01-28 on the second line, there is no longer a problem. 7. Investigate the difference between the date formats WW and IW (week number and ISO week number) using an arbitrary date, and explain your findings. Solution 5-7. SQL> 1 select date '2005-01-01' as input_date 2 , to_char(date '2005-01-01', 'ww') as ww 3 , to_char(date '2005-01-01', 'iw') as iw 4* from dual INPUT_DATE WW IW ----------- -- -01-JAN-2005 06 07 SQL> If you don t get different results, try different dates within the same week. The difference between WW and IW has to do with the different definitions of week numbers. The WW format starts week number 1 on January 1, regardless of which day of the week that is. The ISO standard uses different rules: an ISO week always starts on a Monday. The rules around the new year are as follows: if January 1 is a Friday, a Saturday, or a Sunday, the week belongs to the previous year; otherwise, the week fully belongs to the new year. Similar rules apply for the ISO year numbering.

8. Look at Listing 5-15, where we use the REGEXP_INSTR function to search for words. Rewrite this query using REGEXP_LIKE. Hint: You can use {n,} to express at least n times. Solution 5-8a. First Solution SQL> select comments 2 from history 3 where regexp_like(comments, '([^ ]+ ){8,}'); COMMENTS -----------------------------------------------------------Not a great trainer; let's try the sales department! Sales also turns out to be not a success... Hired as the new manager for the accounting department Junior sales rep -- has lots to learn... :-) SQL> You could make your solution more readable by using character classes. Solution 5-8b. Second Solution, Using Character Classes SQL> select comments 2 from history 3 where regexp_like(comments, '([[:alnum:]+[:punct:]]+[[:space:]]+){8,}'); COMMENTS -----------------------------------------------------------Not a great trainer; let's try the sales department! Sales also turns out to be not a success... Hired as the new manager for the accounting department Junior sales rep -- has lots to learn... :-) SQL>