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20 Which of the following is a reason for choosing a zprocedure rather than a t-procedure when making an inference about the mean of a population a The standard deviation of the population is unknown b The sample was a simple random sample c The sample size is greater than 40 d The shape of the population from which the sample is drawn is approximately normal e The population standard deviation is known 21 You play a game that involves rolling a die You either win or lose $1 depending on what number comes up on the die If the number is even, you lose $1, and if it is odd, you win $1 However, the die is weighted and has the following probability distribution for the various faces: Face 1 2 3 4 Win (x) +1 1 +1 1 p(x) 015 020 020 025 5 +1 01 6 1 01 Which of the following best describes the most likely way that probability was arrived at a It rains 65% of the time on this date each year b Historically, in the United States, it has rained 65% of the time on days with similar meteorological conditions as today c Historically, it rains 65% of the days during this month d Historically, in this area, it has rained 65% of the time on days with similar meteorological conditions as today e This is the result of a simulation conducted by the weather bureaus 24 In order to meet air pollution standards, the mean emission level for engines of a certain type must be less than 20 parts per million (ppm) of carbon A study is to be done to determine if the engines from a particular company meet the standard Which of the following represents the correct null and alternative hypotheses for this study Let m = the mean parts/million of carbon emitted for these cars a b c d e H0 : m = 20; HA : m > 20 H0 : m 20; HA : m < 20 H0 : m > 20; HA : m < 20 H0 : m = 20; HA : m 20 H0 : m 20; HA : m > 20

Given that you win rather than lose, what is the probability that you rolled a 5 a b c d e 050 010 045 022 055

22 A psychiatrist is studying the effects of regular exercise on stress reduction She identifies 40 people who exercise regularly and 40 who do not Each of the 80 people is given a questionnaire designed to determine stress levels None of the 80 people who participated in the study knew that they were part of a study Which of the following statements is true a b c d e This is an observational study This is a randomized comparative experiment This is a double-blind study This is a matched-pairs design This is an experiment in which exercise level is a blocking variable

Use the following information to answer questions 26 27: Baxter is a 60% free-throw shooter who gets fouled during a game and gets to shoot what is called a one-and-one (that is, he gets to take a second shot a bonus if and only if he makes his first shot; each free throw, if made, is worth one point) Baxter can make 0 points (because he misses his first shot), 1 point (he makes the first shot, but misses the bonus), or 2 points (he makes his first shot and the bonus)

23 It is the morning of the day that Willie and Baxter have planned their long-anticipated picnic Willie reads, with some distress, that there is a 65% probability of rain in their area today