Basics of Wireless Telecommunications in Visual C#

Scanner Quick Response Code in Visual C# Basics of Wireless Telecommunications

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Wireless telecommunications networks are primarily comprised of the following four basic network elements (see Figure 16):

Radio systems Switching systems Data-based systems (ie, location registers) Operations, administration, and maintenance (OA&M) systems

Radio systems consist of low-power mobile stations and base station systems The radio system provides the communications path between

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the mobile station and the cellular base station The base station system includes the antennas, transceivers, and controller systems that provide radio access into the network Switching systems provide interfaces for subscriber traffic between the cellular network and other public switched networks and within the cellular network The switching systems coordinate the establishment of calls to and from the wireless subscriber These systems are directly responsible for managing transmission facilities, subscriber mobility, and call processing Data-based systems in the wireless telecommunications network are known as location registers Location registers provide a database (hence, the term data-based) along with service logic to actively control the wireless services provided to the subscribers The database provides information about subscribers to the network This information includes the subscriber s identification, directory number (phone number), current location, subscribed features (such as call forwarding to voice mail), and call-routing information, as well as many other types of data Operations, administration, and maintenance (OA&M) make up a set of functions that enable the service provider to monitor and control the network The OA&M functions allow the service provider to perform the following general actions:

Observe and record operational characteristics of the network Modify and configure the network equipment and functions Identify and correct failures and defects within the network

The ANSI-41 specification provides a standard protocol for the operations that enable subscriber mobility between MSC serving areas ANSI-41 specifies the signaling communications that occur between MSCs, network location registers, and some specialized network nodes (such as short message service centers and authentication centers) to allow subscriber movement between networks based on the standard

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Source: Wireless Mobile Networking with ANSI-41

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ANSI-41 is a technical standard for wireless network signaling This chapter explains the importance of standards and provides an overview of the organizations that govern the development of ANSI-41, and how those organizations relate to others that also define standards

Technical standards are evident in everyday life all around us There are basically two types of technical standards: those that are prescribed and those that are de facto An example of a prescribed standard is the design and function of electrical appliance plugs and outlets in the United States An example of a de facto standard is the placement of hot water faucets on the left side of a sink and cold water faucets on the right side Standards serve two primary purposes: to make our lives easier and to save us money Imagine the cost of installing many different kinds of electrical outlets to suit all the different types of appliance plugs that could be developed, or the inconvenience of trying both water faucets to discover which is cold and which is hot Standards are supposed to prevent these problems and provide a commonly accepted authority for the design and function of all types of equipment Standards for the design and function of telecommunications equipment are no different in goal and purpose from those for any other type of technical standard Telecommunications standards are prescribed for the design and function of equipment as simple as a telephone keypad or as complex and sophisticated as computer equipment and the services provided by a wireless telecommunications network In tangible terms, a telecommunications standard is a document that establishes engineering and technical requirements for processes, procedures, and methods that have been decreed by authority or adopted by consensus The primary goal of the telecommunications standards process is to encourage the interconnectivity of telecommunications equipment and services by establishing and promoting technical recommendations in these areas The telecommunications industry achieves this goal by creating and maintaining voluntary specifications that can optimize equipment compatibility Standards are typically considered to be recommendations; that is, they are prescribed as purely voluntary However, business needs usually show that it may not be very lucrative to stray from standardized designs and functions

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