6: Style Sheets, Master Pages, and Navigation in .NET

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6: Style Sheets, Master Pages, and Navigation
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The Design view will now look something like Figure 6-3.
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Example 6-5 presents the Source view for Default.aspx.
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<%@ Page Language="VB" AutoEventWireup="false" CodeFile="Default.aspx.vb" Inherits="_Default" %> <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" > <head runat="server"> <style type="text/css">@import url(MyStyleSheet.css);</style> <title>Untitled Page</title> </head> <body> <form id="form1" runat="server"> <div> <asp:Label ID="Label1" runat="server" CssClass="MyHeading1" Text="Heading 1"></asp:Label> <p> This is a blue paragraph. </p>
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Styles and Style Sheets |
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<asp:Label ID="Label2" runat="server" CssClass="MyHeading2" Text="Heading 2"></asp:Label> <br /> Some more text. <br /> <asp:Label ID="Label3" runat="server" CssClass="MyHeading3" Text="Heading 3"></asp:Label> <div class="BodyText"> Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipisicing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. </div> <asp:Label ID="Label4" runat="server" CssClass="MyHeading2" Text="Another Heading 2"></asp:Label> <br /> <asp:Label ID="Label5" runat="server" CssClass="MyHeading3" Text="Another Heading 3"></asp:Label> <br /> <span class="BodyText"> Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. </span> </div> </form> </body> </html>
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The highlighted line uses the @import command to import the style sheet specified in the URL. In this case, a relative URL is provided, which refers to our style sheet in the current directory. Because it is a URL, it can be either relative or absolute. For example, you could provide an absolute URL such as http://CorporateWebSite.com/ stylesheets/handhelds.css.
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The @import command must appear in the <head> element, and before any conventional style rules are specified. Otherwise, the imported style sheet will be ignored. This allows the browser to properly cascade styles from the external style sheet down to the element-level styles.
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The resulting page is shown in Figure 6-4.
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Master Pages
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A master page acts as a shell or frame shared by all the other pages (or some of the other pages) on your site. It is common to put a logo and perhaps a menu into the master page so that these elements appear at the same location on every page without your having to recode them.
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6: Style Sheets, Master Pages, and Navigation
Within the master page, you place one or more content placeholder areas, which will be filled with the contents of each of the child pages. This is shown in Figure 6-5.
Unlike cascading style sheets (CSS), which help ensure that similar controls have similar appearances (see the previous section), master pages ensure that all the pages on your site have common elements such as logos, headings, footers, or navigation aids.
To use master pages, follow these steps: 1. Create a new web site. 2. Add a master page to the site. 3. Add content pages based on the master page.
Master Pages |
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Master page design
Content page design
Creating a Master Page
To begin, create a new web site and call it MasterPages. Once the new site opens click on Website Add New Item . Select Master Page in the dialog box and give it the name, CorpMasterPage.master, as shown in Figure 6-6. Be sure to check the Place code in separate file checkbox, as indicated in the figure. This causes the code-behind file to be created automatically.
Even though we don t actually use any server-side code in the master page in this chapter, it is good practice to segregate all your server-side code in a code-behind file, rather than in a script block in the markup file.
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6: Style Sheets, Master Pages, and Navigation
Your new master page has been created with an <asp:contentplaceholder> control declaration already in place. Switch to Source view and change the ID of the placeholder to something more meaningful, such as cphCorpMaster, as in the following code:
<asp:contentplaceholder id="cphCorpMaster" runat="server"> </asp:contentplaceholder>
The placeholder will be filled by the contents of the child page, which in turn will be surrounded by whatever else you place on the Master Page. Within the master page, you may add anything you like surrounding the <asp:contentplaceholder>. For example, you might add a logo at the top of the page and a copyright notice in the footer. Perhaps you may want navigation controls to appear consistently positioned along the side of your pages. You can even add other content place holders, giving each a unique ID. For this example, place an <h1> header on the page above the ContentPlaceHolder, and an HTML table below as a footer. The Source view should look something like Example 6-6. Add the highlighted code to your page.
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