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An online data repository is the most accessible method of storing your data You can access your repository to conduct a restore or recovery operation in a matter of seconds and get your end users back to work faster This kind of access has a high cost of ownership, and the data that you store in your online recovery is still susceptible to being overwritten, deleted, or corrupted Some examples of an online library include shadow copies of files on a Windows file server, versions in SharePoint, or the local copy of a backup that you save prior to moving to tape and then offsite storage

Near-line data repository is similar to online data storage, but the time it takes to start a restore or recovery option is generally longer The reason it takes longer to recover data is that a near-line repository is generally kept in a robotic tape library Once you ve chosen the data that you would like to restore, the backup software instructs the library to retrieve the tape or set of tapes to read the data from

An offline data repository is almost identical to a near-line data repository except that a person needs to make the repository media available This can still work with a robot, but a person will generally have to load a tape that is kept in a tape vault, or that s been received from an offsite location We see most organizations making use of all three repository types in their organizations A common scenario is to make a backup to the online repository, then move the data to the near-line storage, and finally make copies to be stored in an offline and offsite location

No matter how you back up your data, it will go to some form of media for storage While there are several different media types you can use such as CD/DVD and solid state storage the most common types you will use are magnetic tape, hard disk, or a combination of each

Magnetic tape, most commonly referred to as just tape, is the most common form of backup media in use today There are many different types and formats for backup tapes and they vary in size and length of life The most common formats for tape are DAT, DLT, and LTO

For a long time tapes used to be the cheapest form of backup media, but in the past few years the cost of disks has dropped dramatically You can purchase an affordable disk-based system with redundant SATA or PATA drives relatively inexpensively, and the performance is most often better than that of tape for both backup and for recovery operations Most organizations today are running a mix of both tape and hard disk solutions to meet their business needs

Backing up data has been around since we started collecting data The most common problem with backing up of data is whether we actually do it At a high level there are three different backup types that you need to know about: full backup, incremental backup, and differential backups

A full backup is exactly what it sounds like: backing up everything This is really the starting point of any backup strategy Now everything can be definable to a system, a set of data, or a combination of system settings, application settings, and application data

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If you are using a full backup in the classic sense, a really nice outcome of this is your ability to restore your system quickly and get it running extremely fast In the case of a virtual machine, a full backup can be as simple as backing up the handful of files that make up that virtual machine Overall, the advantages of full backup are that it is the quickest method of restore, but at the same time the major disadvantage is that this method of backup takes the longest time to create and uses the largest amount of storage media