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CHAPTER 11 Airport Security Planning CHAPTER 12 Airport Airside Capacity and Delay CHAPTER 13 Finance Strategies for Airport Planning CHAPTER 14 Environmental Planning CHAPTER 15 Heliports

One of the most significant issues facing airports today is that of airport security Most users of commercial service airports are subjected to security infrastructure, policies, and procedures within the terminal area; however, airport security concerns all areas and users of the airport Safety and security are often considered synonymous; however, the discussion of one invariably invokes reference to the other Safety is the freedom from the occurrence or risk of injury, danger, or loss to a person and his or her property that is caused unintentionally A few safety examples in airport design would be actions to prevent a fall on a slippery sidewalk or floor, presence of wildlife on a runway, or loss of an engine due to a bird strike As aviation grew, government agencies have developed many regulations, standards, and guidelines related to safety These are covered in numerous documents for airfield, terminal, and ground access planning and design, such as FAA Advisory Circulars, ICAO design manuals, building codes, state highway design manuals, and many others Security is the freedom from the occurrence or risk of injury, danger or loss to a person and their property that is caused intentionally through acts of violence To understand the task of prevention it is necessary to identify the perpetrators of violence and their methods There three groups most commonly considered are terrorists, criminals, and disruptive passengers A terrorist is a person or group who uses or advocates the use of violent or threat to intimidate or coerce and these actions are often for political purposes Terrorist acts are not impulsive acts, but rather are the results of careful planning that evaluates the weak points in the target before taking action This careful planning aspect of terrorism makes prevention difficult, and agencies have applied the principle of layered security to prevent acts of terrorism Several layers of

security are in place and failure of a single layer does not mean that the entire system will be breached A category of terrorist is a suicide bomber and this terrorist presents an even more difficult challenge in security Suicide terrorism is a simple and low-cost operation in which the terrorist dies It requires no escape routes or complicated rescue operations The terrorist can choose the exact time, location, and circumstances of the attack and this has an immense impact on the public due to the overwhelming sense of helplessness If successful, there will be no terrorists to interrogate because death will be certain There may be several definitions of a criminal, but for the purpose of airport and aviation protection against acts of crime, criminals are persons who are performing acts that create risk of injury, danger, or loss to persons or property There are several possible crimes that may occur at an airport One example is cargo theft Criminals intent on cargo theft may carry out an airport invasion, enter the air operations area by force and steal cargo from the aircraft while it is on the ground, or they may board the aircraft, hijack the flight, and force the pilot to land at a predetermined location where the cargo is offloaded In both cases, the criminals have foreknowledge of specific cargo, flights, and ways to circumvent security A subcategory of criminal would be the corrupt insider This is a person with knowledge about shipments and security procedures who reveals this information to criminals A disruptive passenger is a person who demonstrates aberrant, abnormal, or abusive behavior at an airport or on a commercial flight Initially, this person had no intent to cause harm but an event has happened that upsets him or her It may be caused by alcohol consumption before and during a flight, frustration with airport passenger processing, restrictions, or other reasons