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TeamLRN Recognizing GS1 - 13 In None Using Barcode Control SDK for Software Control to generate, create, read, scan barcode image in Software applications. European Article Number 13 Generation In None Using Barcode creator for Software Control to generate, create EAN-13 image in Software applications. CHAP. 6] Recognize EAN 13 In None Using Barcode decoder for Software Control to read, scan read, scan image in Software applications. Generating European Article Number 13 In Visual C# Using Barcode encoder for VS .NET Control to generate, create EAN-13 Supplement 5 image in .NET framework applications. ARRAYS
Paint EAN-13 Supplement 5 In Visual Studio .NET Using Barcode generator for ASP.NET Control to generate, create EAN 13 image in ASP.NET applications. EAN-13 Supplement 5 Drawer In VS .NET Using Barcode encoder for VS .NET Control to generate, create EAN 13 image in .NET framework applications. When run on a Windows workstation, this program generates the alert panel shown here. This little window is reporting that the program attempted to access memory location 0040108e. That location is outside the segment of memory that was allocated to the process that is running the program. So the Windows operating system aborted the program. EAN-13 Maker In VB.NET Using Barcode encoder for VS .NET Control to generate, create EAN / UCC - 13 image in .NET applications. Create UCC - 12 In None Using Barcode maker for Software Control to generate, create UPC-A Supplement 5 image in Software applications. The run-time error that occurred in Example 6.8 is called an unhandled exception because there is no code in the program to respond to the error. It is possible to include code in C++ programs so that the program won t crash. Such code is called an exception handler. Unlike some other programming languages (e.g., Pascal and Java), the Standard C++ compiler will not allow arrays to be assigned and it will not restrict array indexes from exceeding their bounds. It is the programmer s responsibility to prevent these compile-time and run-time errors. The reward for this extra responsibility is faster, more efficient code. If those benefits are not important to your application, then you should use Standard C++ vector objects instead of arrays. (See 10.) 6.5 PASSING AN ARRAY TO A FUNCTION The code float a[] that declares an array a in the previous examples tells the compiler two things: the name of the array is a, and the array s elements have type float. The symbol a stores the array s memory address. So the code float a[] provides all the information that the compiler needs to declare the array. The size of the array (i.e., the number of elements in the array) does not need to be conveyed to the compiler. C++ requires the same information to be passed to a function that uses an array as a parameter. EXAMPLE 6.9 Passing an Array to a Function that Returns its Sum Data Matrix ECC200 Printer In None Using Barcode maker for Software Control to generate, create Data Matrix image in Software applications. Encoding EAN-13 In None Using Barcode drawer for Software Control to generate, create EAN / UCC - 13 image in Software applications. int sum(int[],int); int main() { int a[] = { 11, 33, 55, 77 }; int size = sizeof(a)/sizeof(int); cout << "sum(a,size) = " << sum(a,size) << endl; } int sum(int a[], int n) { int sum=0; for (int i=0; i<n; i++) sum += a[i]; return sum; } sum(a,size) = 176 The function s parameter list is (int a[], int n). The function prototype, which is used to declare the function above main() , uses (int[],int); this is the same as in the prototype except that the names of the parameters are omitted. (They can be included.) The function call, which occurs inside main(), uses sum(a,size); this lists the names of the parameters without their types. Note that the actual name of the type for the object a is int[]. GS1-128 Maker In None Using Barcode drawer for Software Control to generate, create USS-128 image in Software applications. Bar Code Maker In None Using Barcode creation for Software Control to generate, create bar code image in Software applications. ARRAYS
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Data Matrix ECC200 Creator In Java Using Barcode encoder for Android Control to generate, create Data Matrix 2d barcode image in Android applications. UPCA Printer In Visual Basic .NET Using Barcode encoder for Visual Studio .NET Control to generate, create UPC-A image in Visual Studio .NET applications. When an array is passed to a function, as in the call sum(a,size) in Example 6.9, the value of array name a is actually the memory address of the first element (a[0]) in the array. The function uses that address value to access and possibly modify the contents of the array. So passing an array to a function is similar to passing a variable by reference: the function can change the values of the array s elements. This is illustrated in the next example. EXAMPLE 6.10 Input and Output Functions for an Array Make Data Matrix In Java Using Barcode maker for BIRT reports Control to generate, create ECC200 image in BIRT applications. Paint ANSI/AIM Code 128 In VB.NET Using Barcode maker for .NET Control to generate, create Code 128 Code Set A image in .NET framework applications. This program uses a read() function to input values into the array a interactively. Then it uses a print() function to print the array: void read(int[],int&); void print(int[],int); int main() { const int MAXSIZE=100; int a[MAXSIZE]={0}, size; read(a,size); cout << "The array has " << size << " elements: "; print(a,size); } void read(int a[], int& n) { cout << "Enter integers. Terminate with 0:\n"; n = 0; do { cout << "a[" << n << "]: "; cin >> a[n]; } while (a[n++] != 0 && n < MAXSIZE); --n; // don't count the 0 } void print(int a[], int n) { for (int i=0; i<n; i++) cout << a[i] << " "; } Enter integers. Terminate with 0: a[0]: 11 a[1]: 22 a[2]: 33 a[3]: 44 a[4]: 0 The array has 4 elements: 11 22 33 44 The read() function changes the values of the array a and the value of the size parameter n. Since n is a scalar variable, it must be passed by reference to allow the function to change its value. Since a is an array variable, it must be passed by value and the function is able to change the values its elements. Code 39 Encoder In VS .NET Using Barcode creation for ASP.NET Control to generate, create Code 3 of 9 image in ASP.NET applications. Making Barcode In Objective-C Using Barcode maker for iPad Control to generate, create barcode image in iPad applications. Note that the size of the array has to be passed explicitly to the function that processes the array. In C++ a function is unable to compute the size of an array passed to it. Example 6.10 shows that a function can change the values of an array s elements even though the array variable is passed by value. That is possible because the value of the array variable itself is the memory address of the first element of the array. Passing the value of that address to the function gives the function all the information it needs to access and change that part of memory where the array is stored. This is accomplished by a direct calculation of the elements
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